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These newly erupted teeth are vulnerable to rapid demineralization because the enamel has not had an opportunity to mature.

The oral bacteria in plaque thrive in an environment rich in carbohydrates. Whether Jessie goes to bed with a bottle of formula or juice or frequently snacks on cariogenic foods, the frequent and prolonged consumption of foods known to lower plaque pH is very important. Such a diet can greatly facilitate an increase in the population of MS, which can lead to a high risk for rampant decay.

If the plaque is allowed to accumulate and the infant's diet and feeding pattern provide exposure to fermentable carbohydrates frequently or for a long duration, the acid produced in the plaque will be sufficient to produce demineralization and eventual cavitation of the tooth surface.