10. Mendelian and non-Mendelian Genetics

 

INTRODUCTION

In this lesson you will learn the difference between phenotype and genotype, the difference between Mendelian traits and non-Mendelian traits, and the contribution of Gregor Mendel to the study of genetics. You will also learn how to solve genetic crosses and how to predict the outcomes of different crosses that involve Mendelian and non-Mendelian traits.

You will also learn how sex is determined, and you'll solve genetic crosses that involve sex-linked traits.

FOCUSING YOUR LEARNING

Use the course competencies listed below to focus your learning and use the lesson objectives to sharpen your focus.

Competencies: By the end of this lesson you should be able to:

  1. Compare Mendelian and non-Mendelian genetics and use problem solving to predict the outcome of genetic crosses
Objectives: To master the competencies, you should be able to:
    1. Define phenotype and genotype
    2. Define Mendelian and non-Mendelian trait
    3. Define dominant and recessive gene
    4. Define dominant and recessive phenotype
    5. Define complete dominance
    6. Define incomplete dominance
    7. Define monohybrid and dihybrid cross
    8. Use problem solving to predict the outcome of a cross that involves a Mendelian trait (complete dominance)
    9. Use problem solving to predict the outcome of a cross that involves incomplete dominance
    10. Use problem solving to predict the outcome of a cross that involves codominance (e.g., human blood typing)
    11. Define autosome and sex chromosome
    12. Describe how sex is determined
    13. Define sex-linked trait
    14. Define X-linked trait
    15. Define Y-linked trait
    16. Use problem solving to predict the outcome of a cross that involves sex-linked genes

READING ASSIGNMENTS

Reading is a very important component of a hybrid course. Read the assigned pages from your textbook (Campbell and Reece, 7th ed. "Biology") before proceeding to the Instruction section.

Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea (pp. 251-273)
Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance (pp. 274-292)

 

INSTRUCTION

Study the lecture slide show (Lecture13.pdf) and your own class notes. Have your books and notebook open as you work on them. Add the information you find in the notes to your notebook.

Complete the following "Concept Checks" and "Genetics Problems" in Chapters 14 and 15 of your textbook:

Chapter 14, Mendel and the Gene Idea Concept Check 14.2 (p. 260)
Chapter 14, Mendel and the Gene Idea Concept Check 14.3 (p. 264)
Chapter 14, Mendel and the Gene Idea Concept Check 14.4 (p. 270)
Chapter 14, Mendel and the Gene Idea Genetics Problems (pp. 272-3)
Chapter 15, The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Concept Check 15.1 (p. 277)
Chapter 15, The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Concept Check 15.3 (p. 284)
Chapter 15, The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Genetics Problems 1 thru 5 (p. 291)

 

Define these terms.

Gene
Allele
Locus   
Homozygous dominant
Homozygous recessive
Heterozygous
Parental generation (P)
First- generation offspring (F1)
 Second-generation offspring (F2)
Monohybrid cross
Dihybrid cross
Dominant gene
Recessive gene
Complete dominance
Incomplete dominance
 Codominant genes
Multiple allele system
Autosomes
Sex chromosomes
Sex-linked traits
X-linked genes
Y-linked genes

ASSESSING YOUR LEARNING

Compare your answers to the Concept Checks and Genetics Problems to the book's answers.

Compare your definitions to those in your textbook.

Complete any relevant Self-Test on WebCT.

 

RELATED WEB SITES

Campbell & Reece "Biology," 7th ed, Student Media CD Chapter 14, Concept 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 and Chapter Review. Excellent examples of genetic crosses.
Campbell & Reece "Biology," 7th ed, Student Media CD Chapter 15, Concept 15.3 and Chapter Review. Examples of sex-linked crosses.
http://tinyurl.com/yfbhw8
 Interactive exercise on Mendelian genetics
http://tinyurl.com/rvbvn
 Human Mendelian traits database